In 2024, the number of forcibly displaced people in Africa reached a record high, exceeding 45 million, a 14% increase from the previous year. The majority (over 34 million) are internally displaced. The Sudan emerged as the epicenter of the crisis, with 12.6 million displaced due to fighting between the army and Rapid Support Forces. Other severely affected countries include the DR Congo, Somalia, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Mali, and Cameroon. Primary causes include armed conflicts, state repression (notably in Eritrea and Rwanda), regional instability, and acute food insecurity. The report emphasizes the growing interlinkage between security and humanitarian crises and calls for greater international support to address the complex political and humanitarian challenges across the continent.

Natural ressources, Security, Peace, Conflict, Political Violence, Gold, Human security, Violence, Threat, Civil Society

The article analyzes the adoption and adaptation of the CMAM Surge model in Niger. Introduced in 2014, this model aims to improve the health system's response to malnutrition cases. Although deployed in 434 health facilities, its application remains heterogeneous. The study identifies the major challenges of its implementation: lack of knowledge of the program by health workers, poor training, coordination problems with NGOs and lack of resources. The Surge approach, initially designed to manage malnutrition crises, encounters difficulties in sustainable integration. Some local reform actors are more successful in adapting it, by involving communities more and developing alternative strategies. The article offers a critical analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the model and explores ways to strengthen its appropriation and impact.

Natural ressources, Justice, Education, Gold, Health, Civil Society, Soicial sciences, Researh, Knowlege production, Malnutrition

The article “An Unequal Partnership? The Partnerships of International NGOs at the Local and National Levels” examines the relationships between international NGOs (INGOs) and national NGOs (NNGOs) in Côte d'Ivoire, focusing on the health sector, particularly cervical cancer prevention. The study highlights the tensions and asymmetries in these partnerships, which are often imposed by INGOs on local actors. While INGOs provide financial and technical support, NNGOs struggle with a lack of autonomy and recognition. The research also emphasizes the increasing bureaucratization of projects, the weak involvement of local partners in decision-making, and the impact of partnerships on local NGO governance. Despite mutual benefits, the authors conclude that these collaborations remain unbalanced and require adjustments to ensure more equitable and effective development.

Power, Economic Development, Natural ressources, Education, Gold, Health, Civil Society, Soicial sciences, Researh, Knowlege production

The report "The Brotherhood of Traditional Dozo Hunters in Côte d'Ivoire: Socio-Cultural Issues and Security Dynamics" by Fahiraman Rodrigue Koné explores the role of the Dozo brotherhood in Côte d'Ivoire, highlighting its socio-cultural foundations, security influence, and political implications. Historically rooted in Mandinka culture, the Dozos have expanded their role beyond hunting to become security actors due to the weakening of the state since the 1990s. Their collaboration with Ivorian security authorities, although unofficial, is ambivalent, oscillating between protecting populations and accusations of abuse. The study also analyzes their impact on political and ethnic polarization in Côte d'Ivoire. Finally, the report highlights the tension between their traditional status and their intervention in the formal security system.

Politics, Political party, Natural ressources, Security, Justice, Education, Gold, Human security, Social, Civil Society

In Senegal, despite legislative progress in favor of gender parity, women remain largely under-represented in land governance bodies at the municipal level. This situation contrasts with their major contribution to agricultural production, particularly in food crops. Furthermore, although the principle of citizen participation is legally recognized, there is a lack of operational mechanisms allowing the effective involvement of local communities, particularly women, in land management. To remedy this exclusion, civil society organizations have developed tools aimed at promoting participatory and inclusive land governance. These initiatives encourage the establishment of joint local consultation frameworks and the strict application of parity in decision-making bodies. Administrative authorities are called upon to ensure respect for parity in state commissions, and the State, as well as parliamentarians, to legally recognize these gender-sensitive local governance tools.

Governance, Women, Civil Society, REAL ESTATE

The article The Salafization of Nigerien Society Against the State analyzes the evolution of Salafism in Niger and its impact on society and the State. Since the July 2023 coup, three major forces have been competing for political influence: the military, the jihadists and the Salafists. The latter, although less visible, have a growing influence by spreading a fundamentalist religious ideology. The article traces the history of relations between Islam and the State in Niger, highlighting how Salafization has transformed the social and public sphere. However, it has not yet directly entered the political arena. Salafism presents itself as an alternative to Western models and corrupt regimes, attracting young people in particular. The author highlights the complexity of the situation and the ambiguity of the relations between Salafism, the State and international actors.

Politics, Political party, Power, State, Gender, Natural ressources, Justice, Gold, Social, Civil Society

The article Anatomy of “anti-French sentiment”, produced by Caroline Roussy and published by IRIS in March 2024, explores the origin and manifestations of the rejection of France in West Africa and the Sahel. He encountered popular movements contesting the French presence, notably through symbolic acts and violent demonstrations. The text analyzes the involvement of activist figures like Kémi Séba and the influence of foreign powers like Russia. He underlines the absence of scientific methodology to measure this feeling and the role of African political elites who exploit this rejection. The article insists on the fact that this rejection is part of a historical dynamic linked to colonization, Françafrique and persistent economic imbalances.

Politics, Political party, Power, State, Sovereignty, Natural ressources, Jihad, Gold, Threat, Civil Society

The article discusses the increasing role of Malian civil society in the post-coup democratic transition. Despite challenges in governance and security, organizations like "Women and Development" help facilitate dialogue between the authorities and the people. These actors play a crucial role in fostering more inclusive and responsive governance, essential for democratic stability. Civil society thus becomes a vital pillar in the quest for a new social contract in Mali.

Governance, Security, Civil Society

Drissa Millogo’s study analyzes the deadlocks in Mali’s peace process, which are linked to poor governance, intercommunal tensions, domestic jihadism, and foreign interference (France, Russia, Gulf monarchies). It calls for a complete rethinking of security approaches, grounded in popular sovereignty, horizontal cooperation, and stronger civil society engagement. Niger is portrayed as a fragile state threatened by jihadist infiltration from Nigeria and the tri-border area; President Issoufou advocates for a firm policy with international backing. Burkina Faso is highlighted for its regional diplomacy under President Compaoré but is also viewed with suspicion due to alleged ties with armed groups. The study promotes inclusive local governance and sincere regional cooperation as essential foundations for peace.

Governance, Peace, Conflict, Crisis management, Jihad, Civil Society, Groupes armés