Other documents that may interest you :

• State-national agency report / Governance, Security and human rights, Resilience,

  Civil Society in Democratic Transition in Mali: Resilience, Relay, or Readaptation? 24/02/2026

  Summary :

  This article analyzes the evolution of Malian civil society within the political transition initiated in 2020. Amid profound institutional reforms, th...

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  Country : Mali

  Organizations : AFD, IRD, ICE
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State-national agency report / Governance, Security and human rights, Resilience,
Civil Society in Democratic Transition in Mali: Resilience, Relay, or Readaptation? 24/02/2026
Summary :
This article analyzes the evolution of Malian civil society within the political transition initiated in 2020. Amid profound institutional reforms, the dissolution of political parties in 2025, and a perceived shrinking of civic space, civil society faces a strategic turning point. The study provides a typological mapping of actors (human rights organizations, youth movements, women’s associations, trade unions, religious organizations, think tanks, and diaspora groups) and examines their contribution to state refoundation reforms. It highlights tensions between collaboration and autonomy, support for transitional authorities and counter-power functions. The article also emphasizes major structural challenges: dependency on external funding, organizational weaknesses, internal fragmentation, and political ambiguities. Despite these constraints, civil society remains a key actor in social cohesion and civic participation. The analysis concludes that its future will depend on its adaptability, financial resilience, and ability to clarify its democratic positioning.
Keywords :
Politics, Political party, State, Natural ressources, Security, Justice, Education, Social, Civil Society
Organizations :
AFD, IRD, ICE
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• Academic analysis and Think Tank / Governance,

  Massive student failures in Benin’s faculties: the difficult beginnings of university reforms 30/01/2026

  Summary :

  The article “Massive student failures in Benin’s faculties: the difficult beginnings of university reforms”, written by Florent Houessinon, examines t...

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  Country : Benin

  Organizations : WATHI
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Academic analysis and Think Tank / Governance,
Massive student failures in Benin’s faculties: the difficult beginnings of university reforms 30/01/2026
Summary :
The article “Massive student failures in Benin’s faculties: the difficult beginnings of university reforms”, written by Florent Houessinon, examines the deep crisis affecting public higher education in Benin, highlighted by extremely low success rates, particularly at the University of Abomey-Calavi. At the Faculty of Law and Political Science (FADESP), academic year 2020–2021 data show success rates below 5% in some programs. Several factors are identified, including overcrowded classrooms, weak teaching practices, lack of teacher evaluation, outdated curricula, exam fraud, and the lasting impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. In response, the Beninese government launched a broad reform agenda in 2021, focusing on university governance, teacher recruitment and evaluation, and the creation of ethics and oversight bodies. While these reforms aim to improve academic quality and accountability, the article stresses that they face significant challenges due to entrenched practices and deep structural weaknesses within the university system.
Keywords :
Politics, Governance, Education, Réforme
Organizations :
WATHI
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• Journal article / Sécurité, Insécurité, Djihadisme, Extrémisme,

  Should France End Its Military Cooperation Programs in Africa? 12/05/2026

  Summary :

  The article examines the failures and controversial consequences of French military cooperation programs in Africa, particularly in the Sahel region. ...

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  Country : Burkina Faso , Cameroon , Chad , Mali , Mauritania , Niger , Nigeria , Senegal , Benin , Ivory Coste , Central African Republic , Democratic Republic of Congo , Gabon , Madagascar

  Organizations : IRD
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Journal article / Sécurité, Insécurité, Djihadisme, Extrémisme,
Should France End Its Military Cooperation Programs in Africa? 12/05/2026
Summary :
The article examines the failures and controversial consequences of French military cooperation programs in Africa, particularly in the Sahel region. The author argues that Western military assistance and training programs have failed to stabilize the region or professionalize local armed forces. Instead, they have sometimes strengthened corrupt governments, encouraged military impunity, and contributed to violence against civilians. The failure of Operation Barkhane illustrates the contradictions of a counterterrorism strategy focused mainly on military responses while neglecting the political and institutional roots of instability. The article also highlights the involvement of some Sahelian armies in arms trafficking and predatory economic practices. Furthermore, the author criticizes the lack of democratic oversight and serious evaluation of French military partnerships in Africa. He suggests that beyond security concerns, these cooperations also serve geopolitical influence, intelligence gathering, and the preservation of France’s military presence and strategic interests on the continent.
Keywords :
Politics, Political party, Power, Security, Justice, Conflict, Education, Human security, Cooperation, Threat
Organizations :
IRD
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• Policy brief / Mediation and conflict management, humanitarian aid, Peace,

  Rising need, declining aid: Consequences of the USAID aid freeze in the lake chad basin 11/03/2026

  Summary :

  This policy brief examines the consequences of the drastic reduction in U.S. foreign aid, particularly the suspension of USAID funding announced after...

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  Country : Cameroon , Chad , Niger , Nigeria

  Organizations : RECAP Network – Research & Action for Peace
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Policy brief / Mediation and conflict management, humanitarian aid, Peace,
Rising need, declining aid: Consequences of the USAID aid freeze in the lake chad basin 11/03/2026
Summary :
This policy brief examines the consequences of the drastic reduction in U.S. foreign aid, particularly the suspension of USAID funding announced after 2025, on the Lake Chad Basin region. The region already faces multiple crises, including violent extremism, structural poverty, large-scale population displacement, food insecurity, and climate-related environmental stress. For decades, international aid—especially from USAID—has played a crucial role in supporting humanitarian assistance, healthcare, education, social cohesion, and peacebuilding initiatives. Based on interviews conducted with non-governmental organizations operating in Nigeria and Cameroon, the study highlights how funding cuts are disrupting humanitarian programs and weakening essential services for vulnerable populations. The reduction of aid risks deepening instability, increasing humanitarian needs, and exacerbating recruitment by violent extremist groups. The brief therefore stresses the need to diversify funding sources and strengthen local institutional capacities in order to reduce dependency on international donors and ensure more sustainable responses to the region’s complex crises.
Keywords :
Economic Development, Natural ressources, Security, Education, Human security, Aid, Soicial sciences, Researh, Knowlege production
Organizations :
RECAP Network – Research & Action for Peace
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