This podcast by WATHI, released on June 29, 2025, reflects on the Second African Democracy Assembly held in Dakar by the Innovation Foundation for Democracy, chaired by Achille Mbembé. The speaker advocates for a substantive democracy rooted in civic engagement, inclusive dialogue, social justice, and national cohesion—beyond mere elections. Using Senegal’s recent political dialogue as a case study, the episode emphasizes the democratic value of public participation in institutional reform. Drawing from Afrobarometer and V-Dem data, the podcast warns of growing authoritarianism globally and in Africa. It calls for the strategic, sovereign use of external aid, the empowerment of youth and civil society, and the formation of pragmatic alliances to build resilient democratic systems anchored in African realities.

Sovereignty, Governance, Democracy, Election, Civil Society

On March 7, 2025, Tunisia withdrew its declaration under Article 34(6) of the African Charter’s Protocol, removing direct access for citizens and NGOs to the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (AfCHPR), unless through the African Commission or another State party. This decision follows similar withdrawals by Rwanda (2016), Tanzania (2019), Benin and Côte d’Ivoire (2020), significantly weakening individual access mechanisms. Now, only seven African countries maintain this direct access. The authors highlight a trend of sovereignist backtracking, where states prioritize political control over continental justice, potentially to evade accountability. They warn this pattern undermines Africa’s human rights protection system and calls for a critical debate on balancing national sovereignty with supranational judicial oversight.

Sovereignty, Governance, Justice, Human Rights

In this article, Dr. Idi Saidou Sani, a specialist in plant genetics and improvement and a lecturer-researcher at the University of Diffa in Niger, advocates for a significant increase in the budget allocated to research and higher education. He emphasizes that the current underfunding hampers the country's scientific and technological development, limiting its ability to address critical challenges such as food security, desertification, and climate change. The University of Diffa, established in 2014, plays a central role in education and research, with specialized units focusing on key areas for sustainable development. Dr. Sani stresses the need for increased investment to strengthen research capacities, promote innovation, and ensure sustainable socio-economic development in Niger and the Sahel region.

Governance, Politique publique, Funding, Scientific research, Sustainable development

The article outlines the evolution of U.S. policy in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in the Sahel. Initially focused on diplomatic engagement during the Cold War, the policy shifted in the 1990s to address economic and security challenges. Initiatives like AGOA, PEPFAR, and Power Africa were introduced. Militarily, the establishment of AFRICOM in 2007 signaled a commitment to counterterrorism efforts. Programs such as the Pan-Sahelian Initiative aimed to strengthen the capacities of Sahelian countries. The article also highlights U.S.-France collaboration in counterterrorism, while advocating for greater transparency and a shift towards actions that promote socio-economic development.

Governance, Influence

The report “Armed Groups and the Conflict Economy in National Parks of Burkina Faso, Niger and Benin” examines the growing control of violent extremist groups (notably JNIM and ISSP) over the WAP complex (W, Arly, and Pendjari parks). These groups leverage illicit economies (smuggling, gold mining, poaching) and state absence to impose alternative governance through zakat and protection in exchange for access to natural resources. The report highlights long-standing local grievances, land disputes, weak state presence, and evolving intercommunal tensions. Armed groups use these dynamics to expand toward coastal countries. Relations between communities, park rangers, and the state are tense, often marked by abuse, mistrust, and violence. WAP thus becomes a strategic zone for consolidating armed control and illicit logistics. The report urges a coordinated response blending security, governance, and development strategies to address structural vulnerabilities.

State, Natural ressources, Security, Justice, Conflict, Political Violence, Gold, Human security, Threat, Civil Society

The report “An Assessment of the Experiences and Vulnerabilities of Pastoralists and At-Risk Groups in the Atakora Department of Benin” explores the root causes of agro-pastoral conflicts and the recruitment strategies of violent extremist organizations (VEOs) in northern Benin. Conducted by Elva Community Engagement in 2022, the study reveals that land reforms, forced sedentarization, socio-political marginalization (particularly of Fulani groups), and intercommunal tensions have been exploited by groups such as JNIM and ISGS. Youth and women are especially vulnerable due to economic exclusion and restrictive social systems. The report also highlights weak local resilience mechanisms and the need for community-driven interventions. Despite rising insecurity, trust in state-led security efforts remains relatively high among local populations.

Gender, Security, Conflict, Political Violence, Education, Human security, Violence, Threat, Soicial sciences, Knowlege production

The article “Changing youth work models in pastoralism: questioning the disruption of institutional compromises in Burkina Faso” analyzes structural transformations in youth labor within the Burkinabe pastoral sector. Drawing on empirical research (2019–2021), the authors show how institutional compromises regarding land tenure and mobility have eroded, leading to growing inequality, restricted mobility, disrupted livestock markets, and the marginalization of pastoral communities. Youth migration emerges both as a coping strategy and a transformative force, reshaping access to resources and social protection mechanisms. Amid rising insecurity and forced sedentarization, pastoralism faces a structural crisis. Yet, the authors highlight emerging forms of youth autonomy and reconfigured social roles. The paper advocates for a renewed political dialogue on development, citizenship, and inclusive institutional arrangements linking local and national governance in rural areas.

Power, Economic Development, Livestock, Natural ressources, Education, Youth, Development, Soicial sciences, Knowlege production, EMPLOYMENT

This report explores the rise, evolution, and fragmentation of armed extremist groups in the Sahel—AQIM, MUJAO, JNIM, and ISGS. It outlines the root causes of their proliferation: weak state presence, social marginalization, environmental pressures, geopolitical interference, and security vacuums. The analysis reveals how these groups adapt strategically, build local ties, and exploit state fragility. The fall of Libya, successive coups, and the withdrawal of international actors (France, the UN) have reshaped the security environment. The report advocates a multidimensional response: inclusive governance, socio-economic investment, stronger regional cooperation, and engagement of traditional leaders. It highlights the growing threat of violence spilling over into West African coastal states and calls for locally rooted, tailored strategies to achieve sustainable peace and resilience in the region.

Politics, Political party, Natural ressources, Security, Jihad, Terrorism, Political Violence, Gold, Violence, Threat

This report explores major geopolitical shifts in West Africa, notably the withdrawal of Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger from ECOWAS and the formation of the Alliance of Sahel States (AES). It highlights the erosion of trust in regional institutions, the increasing presence of external powers (Russia, China, Turkey), and the risk of renewed proxy conflicts. The author advocates for a more inclusive and responsive diplomacy focused on grassroots realities. The report calls for a reimagining of regional integration—one that strengthens civil society, local peacebuilding, and democratic governance. It insists on restoring citizen trust, shifting from punitive approaches to constructive dialogue, and embracing leadership rooted in local needs and values. Ultimately, it offers a vision for sustainable peace based on justice, inclusion, and community empowerment.

Governance, Civil Society