Other documents that may interest you :

• Infographie / Governance,

  Black Axe – Nigeria’s Most Notorious Transnational Criminal Organization 04/06/2025

  Summary :

  Matthew La Lime’s article, published by the Africa Center for Strategic Studies in November 2024, explores the rise of Black Axe, Nigeria’s most notor...

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  Country : Nigeria

  Organizations : Africa Center for Strategic Studies (ACSS)
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Infographie / Governance,
Black Axe – Nigeria’s Most Notorious Transnational Criminal Organization 04/06/2025
Summary :
Matthew La Lime’s article, published by the Africa Center for Strategic Studies in November 2024, explores the rise of Black Axe, Nigeria’s most notorious transnational criminal organization. Originally a student fraternity, Black Axe has evolved into a global criminal enterprise operating in over 30 countries. Its billions in annual revenue come from cybercrime, money laundering, drug trafficking, and sex work. In Nigeria, Black Axe exerts influence over politics through patrimonial networks, protected by elites who hinder legal prosecution. While international operations like INTERPOL’s Jackal III have made arrests, domestic efforts are largely ineffective due to political interference. The article recommends legal reforms, grassroots mobilization, and enhanced international cooperation to dismantle Black Axe’s power structure and financial flows.
Keywords :
Politics, Political party, Power, State, Natural ressources, Political Violence, Gold, Violence, Threat, Illegal activity
Organizations :
Africa Center for Strategic Studies (ACSS)
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• Academic analysis and Think Tank / Governance,

  Senegal: Analysis of the Economic Situation and Prospects with the Senegal 2050 Agenda 24/06/2025

  Summary :

  On May 27, 2025, WATHI and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation held a roundtable in Dakar to examine Senegal’s economic situation in light of the Senegal 2...

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  Country : Senegal

  Organizations : WATHI
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Academic analysis and Think Tank / Governance,
Senegal: Analysis of the Economic Situation and Prospects with the Senegal 2050 Agenda 24/06/2025
Summary :
On May 27, 2025, WATHI and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation held a roundtable in Dakar to examine Senegal’s economic situation in light of the Senegal 2050 Agenda, following President Bassirou Diomaye Faye’s election. A public finance audit revealed a budget deficit of 11.7% of GDP and a central government debt of 105.7%. The Senegal 2050 Plan aims to foster inclusive growth, reduce poverty, decentralize the economy, and strengthen national sovereignty. Discussions highlighted major structural issues: weak tax performance, lack of transparency, and a struggling informal sector. Participants called for fiscal reform, stronger parliamentary oversight, investments in education, and gender-sensitive policies. Economic trust and governance are seen as key. Experts stressed the need for coordinated action among public, private, and civil society stakeholders to achieve sustainable development and inclusive prosperity.
Keywords :
Politics, Political party, State, Economic Development, Natural ressources, Education, Development, Gold, Soicial sciences, Researh
Organizations :
WATHI
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• Academic analysis and Think Tank / Governance,

  The Influence of Muslim Religious Leaders on Politics in Mali 12/06/2025

  Summary :

  The article “L’influence des leaders religieux musulmans sur la politique au Mali”, by Pape Abdou Ndour (Bah Traoré), published April 14, 2023 by WATH...

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  Country : Mali

  Organizations : WATHI
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Academic analysis and Think Tank / Governance,
The Influence of Muslim Religious Leaders on Politics in Mali 12/06/2025
Summary :
The article “L’influence des leaders religieux musulmans sur la politique au Mali”, by Pape Abdou Ndour (Bah Traoré), published April 14, 2023 by WATHI, examines the growing political influence of Muslim religious leaders in Mali. Although Mali is officially secular, religious dignitaries have strengthened their role: they sway public opinion, direct voting behaviour, pressure the government, and can influence law adoption (such as the 2009 Family Code). The piece highlights figures like Mahmoud Dicko and the High Islamic Council, who played roles in political crises—organizing protests, mediating conflicts, and influencing constitutional reforms. The debate over secularism has resurfaced with a new constitution: some leaders advocate for an “Islamic” or multiconfessional state and oppose secularism. The author emphasizes the leaders’ roles as mediators, political influencers, and sometimes decisive actors in Mali’s political life.
Keywords :
Culture, Politics, Governance, Influence
Organizations :
WATHI
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• State-national agency report / Governance, Security and human rights,

  Food Insecurity in the Central Sahel 30/05/2025

  Summary :

  The study "Food Insecurity in the Central Sahel", coordinated by Pierre Janin, assesses public policies and crisis management systems in Burkina Faso,...

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  Country : Burkina Faso , Mali , Niger

  Organizations : AFD, IRD, ICE, PASAS
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State-national agency report / Governance, Security and human rights,
Food Insecurity in the Central Sahel 30/05/2025
Summary :
The study "Food Insecurity in the Central Sahel", coordinated by Pierre Janin, assesses public policies and crisis management systems in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger since 2004. It embraces a critical and context-sensitive approach, moving beyond simplistic causal explanations to address the multifaceted nature of food crises, shaped by climatic, economic, political, and security factors. The study reviews four major crises (2004–2005, 2007–2008, 2011–2012, 2020–2022) in each country, evaluating the relevance and evolution of institutional responses. It advocates for a shift from technical risk management to strategic governance, emphasizing negotiated compromises and adaptive responses. The growing politicization of food-related challenges—exemplified by the formation of the Alliance of Sahel States (AES)—reshapes regional sovereignty dynamics and calls for innovative policy frameworks.
Keywords :
Politics, Political party, Natural ressources, Security, Food security, Gold, Human security, Crisis, Insécurité, Food insecurity
Organizations :
AFD, IRD, ICE, PASAS
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