The article “Japan Innovates to Deepen Its Relations with Africa” by Paul Nantulya examines the 9th Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD 9), held in August 2025 in Yokohama. Japan reaffirmed its distinctive approach, based on co-creation, joint ownership, and blended public-private financing, standing apart from traditional aid models. The conference brought together leaders from 42 African countries along with over 500 stakeholders from business, academia, and civil society. Japan’s engagement revolves around three pillars: economy (value chains, added-value exports, regional integration), society (health, education, youth and women inclusion), and peace and stability (support for APSA, peace operations, counter-terrorism, and transnational crime). Concrete initiatives include training 300,000 young Africans, developing trade corridors (Nacala, Mombasa, Kinshasa), and industrial investment in critical minerals. The article stresses Japan’s enduring credibility in Africa, derived from its collaborative, cautious, and innovation-driven approach to partnership.

Politics, Political party, Economic Development, Natural ressources, Security, Peace, Education, Development, Human security

The article “The Return of Afro-descendants to Africa: A Bridge Between History and Development Today” explores recent legal and symbolic movements that encourage the return of people of African descent, framing it as a way to harness memory, identity, and development. The case of Benin is highlighted: a law enacted in September 2024 allows adults proving their Sub-Saharan African ancestry (by genealogical documents or DNA test) to apply for Beninese nationality for a fee of USD 100. Ghana is also discussed, with its “Year of Return” initiative (2019) and policies around citizenship and residence rights for diaspora members. The article also addresses tensions arising from these returns: rising prices, economic disparities, land conflicts with local populations, and the risk of memorialization being instrumentalized. It suggests that more thoughtful policies — combining historical recognition, cultural diplomacy, and economic opportunity — could transform these returns into a genuine bridge between heritage and progress.

Governance, Migration, Diaspora, Pan-Africanism, Nationality

The article Technologies, Artificial Intelligence, Globalization and Education in West Africa (a virtual dialogue organized by the citizen think tank WATHI) discusses how technological transformations — especially artificial intelligence (AI) — and globalization influence educational systems in West Africa. Although access to education has improved, considerable challenges remain: about 97.5 million children still out of school across Africa, low enrollment rates, vulnerabilities of the education systems in crisis situations (such as during the COVID-19 pandemic), lack of access to digital pedagogic tools, and insufficient teacher preparation for integrating these technologies. The article highlights that AI can offer opportunities like personalized learning, support for students in remote or disadvantaged areas, but implementation is hampered by infrastructural inequalities, limited resources, gaps in educator training, and political commitment that is still inadequate.

Governance, Inequality, Education, Intelligence artificielle

The article “Education on the Rise, Unemployment in Ambush: The Deadlock of Togolese Youth, Afrobarometer, June 2025” highlights the paradox between increasing educational attainment among young people in Togo and their ongoing struggles to find meaningful employment. While 71% of young Togolese have completed at least secondary education (19% post-secondary), nearly half report being unemployed and actively seeking work. The major barriers cited include inadequate training, insufficient professional experience, mismatch between skills received and market demands, as well as lack of entrepreneurial skills or motivation. Despite government reforms — national volunteer programs, vocational training with alternating models, youth economic initiative funds — the rates of unemployment and underemployment remain high. Moreover, young people express pessimism about the country’s economic trajectory and their living conditions. Civic and political engagement among youth remains modest compared to older generations.

Governance, Education, Youth, Unemployment, Entrepreneurship, Training

The article by Flore Berger, published by the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime in July 2025, examines cattle rustling insecurity in the tri-border region between Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, and Ghana. It shows how cattle theft has evolved into a structured criminal market used by violent armed groups such as JNIM and IS Sahel, state-aligned militias (VDP), bandits, and transnational criminal networks. Between 2022 and 2024, over 3,000 cattle were stolen in that area. Stolen cattle are laundered through regional markets—both formal and informal—and transported to major southern urban centers like Accra, Kumasi, and Abidjan. Local communities suffer: livelihoods are lost, population displacement rises, and trust in the state erodes. The article emphasises the need for cross-border cooperation, enhanced surveillance, harmonised legal frameworks, technology for cattle identification and tracing, and strengthened community resilience to address the problem effectively.

Governance, Pastoralism, Boundary, Security, Conflict, Instabilité, Groupes armés

The article entitled “National Program for Accelerating Girls’ Education and Well-Being, Government of Benin, July 2024”, authored by UNICEF and published in July 2024 on Unicef.org via WATHI, outlines a bold initiative to eliminate educational disparities and promote girls’ well-being. It begins with a global overview, noting that 244 million children aged 6–18 are out of school (including 118.5 million girls), while highlighting the importance of SDG target 4.5 and sexual and reproductive health. Then, it details the situation in Benin: low girls’ enrollment rates, regional disparities, insufficient school infrastructure, gender-based violence, limited access to reproductive health services, and challenges in transitioning from school to employment. The article underscores the persistent obstacles and underscores the need for a strengthened national program to ensure inclusive education for girls.

Governance, Inequality, Gender, Education, Women, Politique publique

The article provides a nuanced overview of Senegalese youth (ages 18–35): they are better educated than older generations (55 % have secondary or post-secondary education vs. 21–36 %) yet more likely to be unemployed (41 % actively seeking employment vs. 22–36 %) . Key barriers to employment include inadequate training (35 %), reluctance to take certain jobs (24 %), and mismatch between academic qualifications and market demands (16 %) . Nonetheless, 74 % aspire to start their own business, and 17 % prefer public sector jobs . Their top public policy priorities are rising cost of living, health, unemployment, insecurity, and water access . Despite challenges, 71 % believe the country is heading in the right direction, and 60 % have considered emigrating for economic reasons

Governance, Migration, Education, Youth, Health, EMPLOYMENT, Insécurité, Politique publique

The article “An Initial Study Review of Designing a Technology Solution for Women in Technologically Deprived Areas or Low Resource Constraint Communities” examines barriers to mental health access among women in Ghana. Depression, especially in peripartum women, is underdiagnosed and poorly treated, worsened by poverty, fragile health systems, and the COVID-19 pandemic. While smartphones provide access to care in developed countries, many Ghanaian women only use basic feature phones. The study explores the potential of USSD technology, which works without Internet, to deliver mental health information, collect data, and link women to nearby health facilities. The review highlights human-centered design principles, cultural and linguistic barriers, and the importance of security and privacy in data management. It also identifies research gaps, particularly in language adaptation and data protection, and calls for further studies to develop sustainable, context-appropriate solutions for resource-poor communities.

Governance, Women, Santé mentale, Technology

This article by Tin Kapetanovic examines the expansion of Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) across the Sahara-Sahel through the criminological concept of “transplantation.” It argues that JNIM’s relocation was shaped by both push and pull factors. Push factors included military pressure in northern Mali after France’s Operation Serval (2013) and competition with rival groups such as the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara. Pull factors encompassed weak state authority, ethnic tensions (notably between Fulani herders and Dogon farmers), economic opportunities from artisanal gold mining and smuggling routes, and Mopti’s strategic location. JNIM embedded itself locally by integrating traditional leaders, intermarrying, providing security and services, and establishing Sharia-based governance. Nonetheless, its expansion faced resistance from community self-defense militias and heightened counterterrorism operations by Malian and international forces. Applying the transplantation framework highlights JNIM’s deliberate organizational adaptation and environmental exploitation, offering insights beyond ideology or networks

Governance, Security, Terrorism, Extremism