UNICEF’s “Green Schools” Initiative aims to strengthen children’s resilience in West and Central Africa against climate change through education. Aligned with UNICEF’s 2023–2030 Sustainability and Climate Action Plan, it promotes an integrated approach based on three pillars: building eco-friendly and climate-resilient school infrastructure, ensuring school safety and continuity during crises, and advancing climate education and disaster risk reduction. The report emphasizes inclusivity (girls, children with disabilities, displaced populations) and youth participation as central elements. Practical examples illustrate the initiative’s scope: modular sustainable schools in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, solar-powered water supply systems in Nigeria, emergency education planning in Gabon, and student-led clubs “Deen Kan” in Burkina Faso. The initiative calls for cross-sector coordination and stronger partner support to scale up climate action in and through education, making schools both safe spaces and agents of sustainable change.

Governance, Climate change, Inclusion

This analysis explores the business climate in Mauritania, classified among the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). In response to the COVID-19 crisis, the government introduced an Extended Priority Program (PPE) aimed at stimulating economic activity, strengthening social sectors, and promoting food self-sufficiency. However, major challenges remain: outdated fiscal policies, weak debt recovery, and inefficiencies in cross-border trade. The economy is dominated by informality (over 90% of jobs), with high unemployment particularly affecting youth and women, as well as a mismatch between vocational training and labor market needs. The private sector calls for stronger public-private dialogue, improved access to credit, policies fostering youth and women’s entrepreneurship, infrastructure modernization, and strategies for the gradual formalization of businesses. The report advocates for a more inclusive and investor-friendly business environment to foster sustainable economic growth.

Governance, Youth, Food security, Women, EMPLOYMENT, Entrepreneurship, Vocational training, Informality

This article explores Artificial Intelligence (AI) literacy among university students in Ghana and Nigeria, focusing on the affective, behavioral, cognitive, and ethical dimensions (ABCE framework). Based on a survey of 427 students, it demonstrates that motivation and self-efficacy (affective) positively influence knowledge and critical thinking (cognitive), mediated by collaboration (behavioral) and ethical awareness. Results reveal that country differences do not significantly affect these relationships, highlighting a shared underlying mechanism for AI literacy development in West Africa. The study emphasizes the need to strengthen motivation, promote collaborative learning, embed ethical reasoning in curricula, and contextualize pedagogies for local realities. It contributes original empirical evidence to global AI literacy debates by foregrounding West African contexts and offering practical strategies for integrating AI education in resource-constrained environments.

Economic Development, Religious education, Education, Development, Threat, Soicial sciences, Researh, Knowlege production, Information, EMPLOYMENT, Intelligence artificielle, Literacy

This paper investigates how financial inclusion and gender gaps affect agricultural productivity in Mali, a country affected by fragility and long‐standing conflicts. Using data from the 2017 LSMS-ISA household survey, the author quantifies the impact of financial inclusion on agricultural output. The findings show that financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on productivity. However, a gender gap remains: female farmers have substantially lower productivity compared to male farmers. Across full model specifications, this gender gap ranges between 44.5 % and 49.8 %. The article offers policy recommendations aimed at enhancing access to financial services, addressing gender inequalities, and thus boosting agricultural productivity in Mali. Suggested interventions include improved financial instruments, training, and infrastructure designed for women. These findings are relevant to policymakers and financial institutions seeking to promote equitable agricultural growth.

Agriculture, Gender, Environment, Women, Politique publique, Inclusion

This article examines the trends and determinants of anemia among women of reproductive age in Mali using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from 2001 to 2018. Findings reveal persistently high anemia prevalence despite some fluctuations: a decrease between 2001 and 2006 followed by an increase in later years. Key associated factors include age, educational attainment, socioeconomic status, rural versus urban residence, and number of children. The analysis highlights the strong influence of poverty and unequal access to healthcare in sustaining the problem. The authors recommend multisectoral interventions addressing nutrition, female education, and health service delivery improvements as crucial to reducing anemia and mitigating its adverse impact on maternal and child health.

Inequality, Gender, Natural ressources, Conflict, Religious education, Education, Women, Threat, Soicial sciences, Researh, Knowlege production, Santé publique

This article highlights the urgent need to restore trust between communities in West Africa, in the face of growing intercommunal violence, particularly targeting the Fulani. Binta Sidibé Gascon, president of the Kisal Observatory, denounces abuses in Burkina Faso where Fulani populations are accused of collusion with armed groups and subjected to arbitrary arrests, summary executions, and massacres. She even uses the term “ethnic cleansing.” Such violence, perpetuated by impunity, fuels terrorist recruitment and undermines social cohesion. The article stresses that many Fulani are themselves victims of terrorism and that conflating an entire community with extremism deepens the cycle of violence. Two studies are recommended: one on mistrust toward Fulani communities in Côte d’Ivoire, and another on cattle rustling in the Burkina Faso–Côte d’Ivoire–Ghana border area. The author calls for moving beyond prejudice in order to preserve peaceful coexistence in West Africa.

Cultural identity, Governance, Pastoralism, Conflict, Counter terrorism, Violence, Communautarism, Insécurité, Impunity, Transhumance

On August 26, 2025, Senegal’s National Assembly adopted two significant laws: Law No. 13/2025 establishing the status and protection of whistleblowers, and Law No. 14/2025 concerning access to information. These laws aim to strengthen governance, promote transparency, and combat corruption. The whistleblower protection law covers persons who, in good faith, report financial malfeasance or corruption, including their close associates, helpers, or legally affiliated entities, especially when public or private sector corruption or threats to the general interest are involved. Certain types of information remain exempt (medical secrecy, ongoing judicial investigations, etc.). The access to information law guarantees the right for any physical person or legal entity legally resident or established in Senegal to obtain information held by public institutions or other designated bodies, within eight days (extendable to fifteen), with processes that are free or adapted. An independent national commission will oversee implementation, with penalties (500,000 to 10 million FCFA) for unjustified refusals. The article emphasizes that adoption is a milestone, but real governance improvements depend on concrete implementation.

Governance, Information, Transparency, whistleblower

The article “Governance and Economic Development in West Africa: Linking Governance with Economic Misery” investigates the nexus between governance and economic development across West African countries. Using indicators such as political stability, government effectiveness, and corruption control, the authors evaluate governance performance in the region. Findings reveal that while Cape Verde, Ghana, and The Gambia achieve relatively positive scores, most countries suffer from institutional weaknesses. Mali is highlighted as a case of severe decline, driven by recurrent political and security crises. The study argues that poor governance significantly contributes to “economic misery” by exacerbating poverty, inequality, and underdevelopment. The authors emphasize that strengthening domestic institutions—through transparency, accountability, and democratic participation—is essential for sustainable economic progress and social stability in West Africa.

State, Governance, Economic Development, Justice, Education, Development, Threat, Researh, Knowlege production, Institution

The article “A Growing Divergence of Narratives around Security in Burkina Faso” examines the communication strategy of the military junta led by Captain Ibrahim Traoré since the September 2022 coup. While the regime portrays itself as regaining territory, fostering economic innovation, and protecting civilians, evidence points to a worsening reality: nearly 18,000 deaths linked to jihadist violence in three years, an 87% rise in civilian casualties, and loss of control over 70% of national territory. The economy has suffered from collapsing gold and cotton production and a sharp decline in foreign investment. The humanitarian crisis is escalating, with millions displaced, thousands of schools and health centers shut down, and multiple simultaneous epidemics. The article highlights the growing gap between official narratives and empirical realities, amplified by disinformation campaigns orchestrated with Russian support. This divergence poses serious challenges for governance, regional stability, and democratic principles.

Natural ressources, Security, Political Violence, Education, Human security, Influence, Violence, Threat, Information