Other documents that may interest you :

• International agencies report / Governance, Security and human rights,

  Geography of Violence in North and West Africa — Border Areas 20/05/2025

  Summary :

  Since 2011, North and West Africa have experienced escalating violence, averaging 3,300 violent events and 12,600 deaths annually between 2015 and 201...

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  Country : Burkina Faso , Mali , Niger , Nigeria , Algeria , Libya

  Organizations : Sahel and West Africa Club (SWAC/OECD)
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International agencies report / Governance, Security and human rights,
Geography of Violence in North and West Africa — Border Areas 20/05/2025
Summary :
Since 2011, North and West Africa have experienced escalating violence, averaging 3,300 violent events and 12,600 deaths annually between 2015 and 2019. This trend worsened in 2020-2021, with 6,800 events and 18,000 deaths per year. The epicenter of violence has shifted to Nigeria and the border area between Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger. Civilian-targeted violence has surged by 500% in West Africa since 2016, due to the proliferation of actors such as extremist groups, community militias, and self-defense forces. In 2021, 60% of victims were located within 100 km of a border. The Spatial Conflict Dynamics indicator (SCDi), developed by SWAC/OECD, maps conflict evolution and identifies critical areas, notably Lake Chad, the tri-border region, and Nigeria.
Keywords :
Governance, Boundary, Security, Conflict, Extremism, Violence
Organizations :
Sahel and West Africa Club (SWAC/OECD)
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• Infographie / Governance, Security and human rights,

  Africa’s Unprecedented Urbanization Is Reshaping Its Security Landscape 22/05/2025

  Summary :

  The infographic titled “Africa’s Unprecedented Urbanization Is Reshaping Its Security Landscape”, published by the Africa Center for Strategic Studies...

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  Country : Burkina Faso , Mali , Nigeria , Ivory Coste , Sudan , Somalia , Kenya , Democratic Republic of Congo

  Organizations : Africa Center for Strategic Studies (ACSS)
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Infographie / Governance, Security and human rights,
Africa’s Unprecedented Urbanization Is Reshaping Its Security Landscape 22/05/2025
Summary :
The infographic titled “Africa’s Unprecedented Urbanization Is Reshaping Its Security Landscape”, published by the Africa Center for Strategic Studies in May 2025, visualizes the impact of rapid urban growth on security dynamics across the continent. By 2050, Africa’s urban population is projected to reach 1.4 billion. The infographic highlights how informal urban settlements are becoming increasingly vulnerable to organized crime, militant activity, gang violence, and rising social tensions. Urban centers like Khartoum, Goma, Bamako, and Maiduguri are emerging as key hotspots of insecurity. The document calls for urban security approaches that prioritize community-based policing, social services, and inclusive governance, warning against heavy-handed or exclusionary strategies that risk further alienating marginalized populations.
Keywords :
Politics, Natural ressources, Security, Conflict, Political Violence, Gold, Human security, Violence, Threat, Urbanisation
Organizations :
Africa Center for Strategic Studies (ACSS)
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• State-national agency report / Security and human rights,

  Food insecurity in the Central Sahel 25/06/2025

  Summary :

  This report examines the persistent food insecurity in the Central Sahel (Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger), through four major crises between 2004 and 2022....

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  Country : Burkina Faso , Mali , Niger

  Organizations : AFD, IRD, ICE, PASAS
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State-national agency report / Security and human rights,
Food insecurity in the Central Sahel 25/06/2025
Summary :
This report examines the persistent food insecurity in the Central Sahel (Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger), through four major crises between 2004 and 2022. It identifies both structural (climate, demographic growth, poverty) and emerging (conflict, political instability, global price shocks) vulnerability factors. Despite the expansion of early warning systems and crisis management mechanisms, governance remains fragmented, overly technocratic, underfunded, and poorly coordinated. The report calls for more inclusive, integrated governance to connect prevention, resilience, social protection, and food sovereignty. Responses remain largely reactive and short-term, while areas affected by armed conflict are the most food insecure. The study concludes that strategic frameworks must be rethought to include multisectoral and territorialized approaches, enhancing the capacity to deal with compounded risks.
Keywords :
Security, Conflict, Development, Food security, Human security, Threat, Researh, Knowlege production, Crisis, Food insecurity
Organizations :
AFD, IRD, ICE, PASAS
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• International agencies report / Security and human rights,

  Armed Groups and the Conflict Economy in the National Parks of Burkina Faso, Niger, and Benin 22/05/2025

  Summary :

  The report “Armed Groups and the Conflict Economy in National Parks of Burkina Faso, Niger and Benin” examines the growing control of violent extremis...

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  Country : Burkina Faso , Niger , Nigeria , Benin , Togo

  Organizations : Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime (GI-TOC)
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International agencies report / Security and human rights,
Armed Groups and the Conflict Economy in the National Parks of Burkina Faso, Niger, and Benin 22/05/2025
Summary :
The report “Armed Groups and the Conflict Economy in National Parks of Burkina Faso, Niger and Benin” examines the growing control of violent extremist groups (notably JNIM and ISSP) over the WAP complex (W, Arly, and Pendjari parks). These groups leverage illicit economies (smuggling, gold mining, poaching) and state absence to impose alternative governance through zakat and protection in exchange for access to natural resources. The report highlights long-standing local grievances, land disputes, weak state presence, and evolving intercommunal tensions. Armed groups use these dynamics to expand toward coastal countries. Relations between communities, park rangers, and the state are tense, often marked by abuse, mistrust, and violence. WAP thus becomes a strategic zone for consolidating armed control and illicit logistics. The report urges a coordinated response blending security, governance, and development strategies to address structural vulnerabilities.
Keywords :
State, Natural ressources, Security, Justice, Conflict, Political Violence, Gold, Human security, Threat, Civil Society
Organizations :
Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime (GI-TOC)
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